the creek is short

What is the Chinese residential?
Chinese knit deep in the centers of Chinese architects, the repository, in the Institute, in a small circle in the construction industry. But in the broader population, this complex has not disappeared, particularly those mandates in hand for residential end users.
through this complex wag stronger than the wave of European style, North wind, and eventually broke from the soil. Chinese people in Nanjing, Xi'an Qunxian Zhuang, Chengdu Furong Ancient Town, Suzhou my house, in Tang Beijing, Hangzhou Yi Villas, Laguna City, of lesson, include silver maple, Zhongshan aesthetic homes, fraternity Road semi-Elegant Black Hill House and is located in the Pan House.
Chinese characteristics have a strong knowledge construction, but the clash is not only complex roots of the facade people, but Watch psyche.
Fenqiangdaiwa, intrigue, garden deep, hemispherical dome is undoubtedly the traditional Chinese architectural style, and reduced or lack of these elements is not a modern house can be called the Chinese home?
Chinese residential, Chinese architecture is a great concept, is not a simple answer of form, but has a rich cultural connotations. right specifically, a building put on the traditional Chinese form, is not necessarily a honest Chinese architecture; in turn, a modern style, but come to understand the regional culture within the cell body, I would think it is a Chinese house. Why? I understand the Chinese house, the first system of its space from the altitude to comprehend the construction of the first people to live, based on its space activities and the people alive in it's. Chinese and Western-style building housing system of the largest difference is that Western-style building is a point out of divergence, and Chinese-style building is narrow-minded from appearance to inside. For instance, in traditional Chinese residential we must first have a inside courtyard, the chambers are arranged around the courtyard to and amplified, the hub of life but also to the interior courtyard to the union, not the yard, I feel as if only a full house. the house is happening, a great many foreign Zeyi solid wall, relatively closed and blocked. and Western-style buildings of its space is tight, attach, to start out full, and appearance is the garden, and is open.
residential from the current Chinese domestic re-exploration and practice, the Chinese characteristics of residential villas and row in the This low-rise housing inside easier to effect, and in the multi-layer and high-level expression in the more difficult. This is because of this multi-storey and high-rise buildings are from the juice of the aboriginal empty in the lead over the Western model, this building China is not the native form, so the application and the hardship of grafting a large number of relatively successful examples are also less. But there are, case in point, some places in the exploration of the hanging gardens and courtyards. China since ancient times to use shows that the Chinese residential home and garden are combined with each other. So, the afterward tread of the Chinese architecture in multi-storey residential high-rise residential and exploration of the most important thing is to be in the > North America villa concept, characteristics and main villa style fashionable in North America
reasons:
British reporter McRae in its manifested in the natural resources are neither rich nor powerful in the economic scale, or even expressed in a wide scope of political influence, the most secretive of American power, and the performance of the most lethal lies in cultural expansion and penetration ;. and the world than many large countries, the history of the United States the shortest, most superficial cultural heritage, is a very juvenile country. The Chinese nation has accumulated over five thousand years, Egyptian Mingshi to seven thousand years, the United Kingdom has also been known as not dynasty, economic and military power, but their culture. American culture is known as a In the quickly developing China. Americans pay attention to pragmatism, and made no mysterious of its utilitarian values, which are from a planned economy to a market economy in China in terms of transformation, it touches a very worthwhile object of reference.
What is the North American style?
United States is a nation of emigrants, almost all the major ethnic offsprings of the world have brought of sorts architectural styles, including of special note by Britain, France, Germany, Spain and the United States of the region had a greater impact of traditional culture . mutual inspire, integration, and with the further extension of economic power, to adapt to a variety of new features have emerged in the form of residential, residential buildings of various colorful styles emerged. so the United States showing the architectural style of the rich different colorful multinational orientation. U.S. construction, particularly residential, residential buildings in the world today is a culmination of the pith of American freedom and then combines the lively, inventive, and so a number of human element, making the U.S. home to become the world's most advanced , the most humane, most innovative residential.
so the North American style is actually a mongrel style, not as a European architectural style evolved from the advanced development step by step, it is accepted in the meantime many kinds of mature architectural styles, integration and mutual influence there.
the characteristics and the North American style villas
U.S. housing is divided into 2 parts: personal homes and style of the house. The sometime did not attempt to imitate a decisive style equitable some of the more easy construction by non-professionals just a asylum.
just about most of the residential style of the 4 major periods are based on the architectural style: classical style, the Renaissance classical style, the Middle Ages or modern style. classical style reference to the ancient Roman monuments or ancient Greece, and it is more similar to the classical Renaissance style that originated in 15th century Italy, the refreshment of classical architecture. The two classical style building with numerous of the same detail.
third traditional style of medieval period, in the classical style of connectiin time and the Renaissance classical style, the architectural style of this period mainly by reference to the cathedral building pure Gothic style, there are residential buildings. Britain and France during this period of building the greatest impact on the North American housing.
fourth traditional style is modern style, began in the late 19th century and continued to the present. it is not too much decoration, simple and frank external effects, the new structure of space technology petitions has changed its range.
other effects of the North American style of a Spanish style house, including North America, Spanish colonist architecture and the Spanish mainland simple compact construction . East and Egypt as the North American residential construction hardly ever a reference.
by different periods on assorted interpretations of each style has established a current North American family style. style integration of residential buildings in the United States is also very general .
1. China's long period under the rule of feudal despotism centralized consensus, stability, always showing the majesty of regal power.
a long period in China beneath the rule of autocratic centralization of power, a stable social structure, the is the dominant secular society is also the representative of God on globe. coupled with the Confucian halo, strictly regulate the construction of the other levels of the hierarchy monarch, on the one hand and through the palace's interior arrangement, environmental design, construction and fitting to express a supreme imperial and noble. It can be said of traditional Chinese palace architecture is the most momentous type of construction, on benefit of the era of the art construction technology and building the maximum level.
2. ancient Western countries are often in confrontation disintergrating state side by side, people believe in God, reverence for the noble holy right.
often in ancient Western disintergrating States confrontation between the state side by side, the development of regional cultural space of liberty, self-expression of the main building in the place where it can be spared no effort to activity, making the various regions have shown the era of building a unique individuality characteristics, rarely identical.
pantheistic ancient Western society is a society, each nation, every nation, every district has its own belief in the gods in ancient Westerners, those super-powerful gods, dominated the destiny of the and human processes. the worship of God, leadership to the spirit of Western philosophy super-reality, in the calculating of the other side. Thus, a unattached building blocks where they stand, towering, guide people to the concept of God, to call the realm of paradise pleasure.
1. the Yellow River and Yangtze River as the cradle of Chinese civilization, despite its natural geographical environment different, but the alternative of construction materials begin with earth, wood-based. China is the main farming The agricultural culture of the country, which lives on agriculture-based economy, early wake of the Chinese nation on the object of agricultural production - land and factories, aesthetic emotions, people connate and raised in Sri Lanka is the land and plants so fondly, that would make our predecessors created at the opening of the daytime, it is natural to quest for the attention of building materials, can be seen everywhere on earth and wood, and encourage China toward the construction has begun on the direction of civilian engineering structures. a large number of archaeological data to show that: in the shape of the cave dwellers of shallow burrowing, nesting and other buildings, and both are the basic material of Loess and trees.
with human product technology, building materials has been steadily progressing, whatever, loess walls, Taiwan, has wooden beams, poles for housing is still followed the traditional framework to the Ming and Qing Dynasties to become the most basic traits of traditional Chinese architecture. This is because the Yellow River Basin inexhaustible resources and taint materials wealthy woods vegetation in the Yangtze River Basin resources, but also with traditional Chinese architecture technology development on its own structure.
traditional technology of rammed earth construction technology is basic technology, built with rammed earth platform, the only conservation of the wood construction stability, but also have anti-ground watery, the rain to dodge the wooden poles at the base by immersion corrosion features. built into the walls with rammed earth also has a good livelihood role. but because of needy load-bearing walls, so long traditional Chinese architecture using beams support the roof weight. At the same time to rain and moisture, use of traditional Chinese architecture approach to boost the canopy, and accordingly created the brackets technology. long out of the roof support in the brackets, will be water exclusion outside on the roof, so that the wooden building elements to avoid the rain and damp rot. It is this mingle of civil engineering structure has basically met the Yellow River Basin place of ​​dry and drier air conditions on the functional requirements used in construction, which greatly disabled the people's desire to update the building materials.
2. West, Greek Roman Mediterranean cape
the inverse, as the western representative of ancient buildings in ancient Greece, Roman Empire, the Peninsula is located in the Mediterranean countries, where terrain, the rill is short, the lack of open land and the plain, soil sloppy and stone rich, the delivery of a wide range of limestone and relentless. Although ancient Greece the early buildings are wooden, but because these areas rainfall rich, humid wind, wood easy to damp rot So people began to use stone instead of wood for housing.
1. China's development process building a smooth and slow the development of traditional Chinese architecture
smooth and slow process, the lack of thespian changes. lumber border structure until the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the generated , has been the basic pattern of housing construction. Despite the presence of the components and materials must alteration, but not many change in the overall structure. fashion and style of the Han Dynasty some roofs, have been accepted into the roof style of each epoch . particularly since the Song Dynasty, China's traditional architecture in technology, structure, shape and other appearances of the office more stylized, and its development process even more slowly.
2. Western Architecture development process fast-changing <> < > the development process of the western ancient architecture appears as fast changing, with a strong regional characteristics of the times and citizen characteristics.
stress proportioned Greek architecture, simple and elegant style, attention to inner and external space, natural transition, the open colonnade, architectural space and the reality that constitute the Internet map, turn natural brightness, air cleverly placed in the space of that building, gives a clear, open and warm feeling. In particular, the proportion of those who pretend the human body to form the column, showing the performance of ancient Greek art in the human body, shaping the human body as the fundamental starting point of aesthetics, but also the spirit of ancient Greek democracy and the embodiment of Humanism.
Romanesque building with dome, arches, thick walls of its characteristics, deep and eminent style, ornate and chromatic. In particular, the handling is quite particular about internal space, from layer to ceiling, everywhere crafted, seamless, full and beauteous. shows that the Roman Empire, slave, military and luxury rumble.
Gothic architecture is the European urban economy dominated by the feudal period of the building. with high, straight, sharp features, high shape the role of the flying buttresses appear slender and light, completely out of architectural style of ancient Rome . one by one up straight, pointed arches disturbed horizontal structure, layers of promoting bottom-up, as if the tide roll up, shove up the layers Bay, until the tower to the power of stirring the spirit of the people toward God the hands of the fanatics of the Mu lust and ambition for heaven.
Baroque architecture, the phenomenon of 17th centenary Italian architecture is very intricate and novel form. regardless of structure, logic, rational medley of non-breaking architecture, carve and painting of the boundaries, the use of precious materials, is full of decorations. because it damaged through the classical period of the building, the Renaissance of the br> 1. harmonious beauty
artistic style of traditional Chinese architecture with , but with the Confucian construction series level, song, rhythm soothing and dignified building, the natural architectural design, gives a warm, comfortable, carefree, cozy feeling of aesthetic psychology.
in Chinese traditional architecture apt start a crowd of the group apt the plane Group layout, the individual subject for a whole, the pursuance of harmony. As Mr. Li Zehou said: space is colossal, flat wag, with groups of interconnected buildings and portrayed. It is extra accent on building the aircraft between the organic entire arrangement. Western classical structure manner of focusing on the representation masterpiece of the confrontation between male and ecology prettiness. stone, concrete and additional creating materials in the texture of stiff, cold, rational and lusty colors, the absence of person touch. in the construction of the physical architecture of the Western classical structure in amplified form, and awesome show the scale of the perpetual and noble buildings, to reflect the great power of human. those precise geometric proportions, that vault is full of traction and the pointed arc, which proudly stands in the temple, temples, everywhere and always show a normal confrontation and conquest, which led human to marvel, excitement, horror, and other polished feelings. Even the natural beauty of the scenery for a theme of outlook architecture, has one anti-Chinese Man tin overcome nature as its theme. the eyes of gardeners in the West, no the sham of natural landscape objects, yet the transformation of the object, and accordingly more Western classic garden landscaping to reflect effectively the construction of false Vigor, landscape architecture, but the foil flowers. and flowers and trees are not here to maintain the natural landscape of growth of the state, was slit into a cloud of normal patterns. garden layout, but too along human will into the rules of geometry, showing the gallantry to conquer the nature of archaic Western fighting spirit .
space western series of ancient buildings with vertical development to high-altitude, straight-up form. Meanwhile, the Western classical architecture highlight the individual characteristics of the unassuming building, rotated out to the tip of the tower, aloof independent everywhere commemorate the column. Each A unit building, have spared no effort in the performance of their own style charm, seldom alike. This reflects the emphasis on the traditional culture of Western consciousness, emphasizing the individual concepts.
1. Chinese Traditional Architecture in wood-based materials in China
ancient architecture with a wooden structure has long path. Now most of the preservation of ancient buildings are wooden structures, even if some brick building of pagodas and underground compartments, nevertheless using a masonry structure, but their exterior is still imitation of the wooden structure in the form of visible wood of ancient buildings in China, the share of dominant situation. wooden structure with wooden pillars and beams that form the skeleton of housing, the weight of the roof beams passed through the column, and then passed through the column to the ground. wall structure in the housing does not bear the main weight, just cut off the character. Therefore, Chinese have ancient buildings, you can see the wooden frame they have three basic ways, is, lift beam, Chuan Dou-style and well dry.
1) lift beam structure of ancient Chinese architecture
the main timber frame form. This structure is characterized by the level of chiefs alternatively shop online column for layer forward the depth intention of housing the digit of stacked planes of the beam frame, floor by layer shorter beam, layer pad or block columns, the medium of the top beam ammunition alternatively triangular advocate legislation to form a triangular roof. between bordering roof trusses, beams at each floor beam ends and the navel of the top shelves of small columns purlin, purlins rafters between the frame to form double-top of the mound housing space frame. Roof housing weight through the rafters, purlins, beams, columns approached the bottom (a shop for while it passed through the column).
lift beam structure to have been afterward than the Spring and Autumn. At present the first images seen in Sichuan Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed in Chengdu Brick courtyard. Tang Dynasty it has amplified, and the emergence of 5 Buddhist Temple in Shanxi Province and Shanxi smooth auditorium as the representative of the main hall roof cabin and hall-type hall are two types of type. is especially cared with carrying beam structure beam, clearly the more important framework for building a temple-type, two types of hall-type, and with the diagram illustrates the difference.
2), also known as Li Chuan Dou structure
Mounted . Chuan Dou-style architecture is characterized by a depth along the direction of housing legislation in a row by the number of columns purlin, each column was joined to our one purlin, purlins on the fabric beam, purlin roof loads transmitted instantly from the column, do not beam. There is a column under each purlin floor, is its initial form. depending on the size, use the 'three purlin three columns a through', 'five columns three through five purlin' ... ... 'Eleventh Five purlin Eleventh column wear' and so different architecture. With the column additional, also additional the number of layers to dress. This structure has the advantage of less material can build a larger house, and because the columns and through the formation of lace, solid structure, good wind resistance, the drawback is the house column, Fang more, do not form a more open interior space. Chuan Dou-style architecture to the practice of the Column purlins, vertical planes may have some early history and relationship, has a long history. in the Han Dynasty stone carving of the Han Chuan Dou can see image-type frame house.
3) wells dry structure
a no columns and beams of the building structure. this structure to the log or rectangular, hexagonal layers of wood stacked up in parallel, the wood in the edge end cross-bite, the formation of housing walls, shaped like the ancient wooden fence Inoue, and then set the left and right sides of the wall constitutes a low housing the Column ridge purlin.
coffin in the mausoleum of the Shang Dynasty of China has applied the wells dry structure, Han still apply. now see the first image of the well is dry-type housing and literature are of the Han Dynasty. Shizhaishan in Jinning have unearthed copper in the twice top of the hill housing the well dry. There 'extension plank floor, the well is dry fowl habitat' records.
structure requires large amounts of the well is dry wood, in total scale and the institution of doors and windows are subject to meaningful restrictions, lifting beam as general level of architecture and wear pail structure. China is now only forest in the northeast, southwest mountains there are individual houses built using this structure. Yunnan, South China is well dry wells dry-type structure of residential housing in the example of the structure. It has bungalows and two-story, flat are rectangular, Miankuo two, hanging on a mountain covered roof. rooftop approach is neutral about the top wall ridge purlin bearing columns, rafters resting on the ridge purlin and eaves around the top of the wall of the well is dry wood, the house is only into the deep two rafters.
2.
Western architectural stone as the main representative of the western ancient buildings in ancient Greece, Roman Empire, its construction must mostly stone as the main material, the early Greek architecture, favor China, is also a timber frame , easy to decay and bombard, to the end of the 7th century BC, besides for a few outside the timber has been built fully of stone.
large stone temple around the typical gallery-style-type system is, therefore, the column, the quantity of Department of Fang and eaves treatment largely make sure the temple art of the face. Greek architecture all the corrections are condensed in the form of these elements, proportions and combinations with each other. 6th century BC, they have been fairly stable, with complete practice, this approximate was later the Romans called the ; see Tuguluoma the Doric column, Ionic column, Corinthian, Tower Division and combination of dry-column column.
special emphasis on traditional Chinese architecture, mildly, stream and rhythm, agreeable at the line to form to the line teaser. Therefore, either the Chinese painting paintings painting tools or languages, all with the route. Chinese traditional architecture to the wooden beams and columns are just the thing to adapt to this artistic beg. so the Chinese traditional architecture, whether the contour of single building or groups of buildings skyline, with the weight of the hook of Chinese painting, the depiction of a common. Even in the art of music, such as traditional Chinese music Peking Opera, it seems that a line can feel the flow. Western architecture pay consideration to attaches great magnitude to the performance of rational, geometric objects of pity. beautiful building is a remove relationship between geometry and geometric proportions, and determining the number of relationships. so they are always using a combination of the number and geometric shape to shape architectural beauty of form, abnormal stones just to encounter this absence. in painting, realistic art is that they seek to create a sense of volume objects, space for the purpose, they have a innate appetite to conquer all, as if drawn more realistic, is to conquer this object; in music, their emphasis on traditional music sound rich, and embodies a , cooked soft warm, friendly, experience the aesthetic emotion, the Chinese people are more mawkish, in pursuit of a mood, find harmony and feelings of psychological; stone cold and hard, giving a cold, stiff feeling, in line with Western rational, objective, practical requirements.
Basically, the difference in the 1st of Western art from different materials: the long-term traditional Western to rock as the chief building; and has been the traditional oriental architecture is based on wood as the structure. The different building materials, their respective architecture provides different possibilities.
different materials, different social features, production Chinese and Western classical architecture with different ; elegant language , directed at God's. Thus, if the stone dome of high-density engine into the sky, it will chance the opener to the art of architecture, but also the implementation of this task has become a opener pillar in the opener. Therefore, the Western Construction of the different types led to differences in their style, such as Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Gert, Baroque, etc..
stone buildings with the West, the Chinese ancient wooden buildings the brackets as the As ancient Chinese architecture, nobility. Not only kiosks, Taiwan, House, House ought use the cornices to identify itself, to express their feelings, and the level of cornices, width often become tough and the units of architectural chart. are so-called too long, by 1 of the points is too short for your new and age buildings filled with foreigners, respect for and esteem.
there is full of Western architectural mood of religious mysticism, and China's building is a reflection of Confucian culture.
<> In increase there is a more systematic, perhaps more clearly certain.
, but generally speaking that is so few, some of the following to summarize.
CHEN Anguo: Architecture and Cultural Comparison of Chinese and foreign cities
<> the distinction between Chinese and Western architectural forms, the performance of cultural inconsistency, which reflects the difference between physical and natural environment, social structure and morphology differences, differences in people's analytic and the aesthetic kingdom of the difference.
1. the different building materials reflects the Western material culture, philosophy of difference. from the outlook of building materials, before the birth of the modern architecture is not all the world has developed building systems, including those belonging to the East Indian architecture, including buildings, basically, The main building materials are based on masonry to create, and are masonry structural system. such as the Pyramids, the ancient Greek temples, Roman Colosseum, aqueduct, medieval churches in Europe ... ... and both are used Stone was constructed, and both are this system and therefore known as generally reflected. in the West to hunt the original main economic, creating a weight of the original state of mind. affirmation of the stone from the West, we can see that Westerners seek rational truth-seeking spirit of sagacity, in the relationship between man and nature tensioned that people are the masters of the world, human strength and knowledge to prevail. China's agricultural-based economy in the original way of re-creating the original civilization in the culling, re-collection, re-storage approaches. derived therefrom, adult in China traditional philosophy, which advocated a part of the Chinese people elected as the basic building materials of wood, it is of great importance to its affinity with the life, attention to the relationship between its characters and life results.
2. the layout of different architectural space, reflecting the Western system culture, persona difference. from the building's spatial layout, China building is closed to the spatial pattern of the groups, spread flat on the ground. China regardless of construction, from residential to the castle, nearly all a pattern, alike to groups, manifold buildings approximately, the Lord has prepared visitor meets regularly, reflecting the ancient Chinese form of social structure, within characteristics, patriarchal ideology and ethics system. In contrast with China, the West Building is open to the spatial pattern of the monomer altitude development. to the construction of similar old of the expansion of the Beijing Palace Museum and the Louvre in Paris compared to the former is composed of thousands of individual houses the majestic, magnificent building groups nigh the axis to form a series of courtyards, spreading very great flat ; the latter is a use of the portico, windows and doors, increasing the exchange of information and transparency to the outer space surrounding buildings, to highlight the building's physical picture. This is very early Westerners often through common exchanges between the sea and democracy within the society on the implementation of slaves. Ancient Greece export-oriented symbol and impact of technological and democratic spirit is not only ancient Rome, and also affected the entire Western world. Also, whether the building occupies the ground in China, then to subjugate the space of Western architecture, such as the Roman Colosseum to Li Ximu lofty as 48 meters, meters. This building is surely reflected in the serious man Westerners worship the gods of fever, more is the use of progressive technological and technical achievements give a spiritual coerce to make progress.
3. building development is different in the performance of the differences between the Western viewpoint to innovation. from the building development process, China's building is conserved. According to the literature file shows that China's architectural forms and materials secondhand in 3000 remain unchanged. Unlike China, Western architecture often change their structure and material was relatively quick development. from the Greek Acropolis temple appears to play today, the first 2500 annuals has been, and during the whole of Europe evolving form of the ancient buildings, jump along. from Ancient Greece to the Roman classical column the arch, dome top technology, from the tip of Gothic architecture coupons, cross arch and flying buttresses technology to the European Renaissance 罗马圣彼得 Cathedral, in terms of image, scale, decoration and space layout, have undergone great change. This reflects the West, the courage to inventive and innovative spirit.
4. architectural merit of the different aesthetic ideas of the West show the differences in the special. from the worth of the building, China's focus on information architecture, Western focus on the physical body of the building. the structure of ancient Chinese architecture, not by measurement, do not depend on quantitative thinking usage without the motif of ​​formal logic, but by way of the master exercise an beginner, hand to explain in words taught by practice, by experience. We are the ancient construction, especially the understanding of the building before the Tang Dynasty, obtain more information from the literature. ancient imperial mausoleum and residence are the five elements according to Feng Shui is said and operating conviction of allelopathy. To seek harmony with the earth and all things in order to linger out of trouble , Lucky luck, in the lent landscape of the forces, the mountain countryside by building blocks, the face of vision. This Euclidean geometry first aesthetic and mathematical logic, Aristotle laid the basis stone of the a crucial influence on all the science and art, and their roads have been insistent the fate of this concept. opened the Western architectural history, is not difficult to find the configuration of the western Italian architectural beauty ...